Paragraph Construction - ESL Writing Lesson

There are two structures to learn in English that are important in writing: the sentence and the paragraph. Paragraphs can be described as a collection of sentences. These sentences combine to express a specific idea, main point, topic and so on. A number of paragraphs are then combined to write a report, an essay, or even a book. This guide to writing paragraphs describe the basic structure of each paragraph you will write. In general, the purpose of a paragraph is to express one  main  point, idea or opinion. Of course, writers may provide multiple examples to support their point. However, any supporting details should support the main idea of a paragraph. This main idea is expressed through three sections of a paragraph: Beginning - Introduce your idea with a topic sentenceMiddle - Explain your idea through supporting sentencesEnd - Make your point again with a concluding sentence, and, if necessary transition to the next paragraph. Example Paragraph Here is a paragraph taken from an essay on various strategies required for an overall improvement of student performance. The components of this paragraph are analyzed below: Have you ever wondered why some students cant seem to concentrate in class? Students require more recreational time in order to better focus on lessons in class. In fact, studies have shown that students who enjoy a recess of more than 45 minutes consistently score better on tests immediately following the recess period. Clinical analysis further suggests that physical exercise greatly improves the ability to focus on academic materials. Longer periods of recess are clearly required to allow students the best possible chances of success in their studies. Clearly, physical exercise is just one of the necessary ingredients for improving student scores on standardized tests. There are four sentence types used to construct a paragraph: Hook and Topic sentence A paragraph begins with an optional hook and a topic sentence. The hook is used to draw readers into the paragraph. A hook might be an interesting fact or statistic, or a question to get the reader thinking. While not absolutely necessary, a hook can help your readers begin thinking about your main idea. The topic sentence which states your idea, point, or opinion. This sentence should use a strong verb and make a bold statement. (hook) Have you ever wondered why some students cant seem to concentrate in class? (topic sentence) Students require more recreational time in order to better focus on lessons in class. Notice the strong verb require which is a call to action. A weaker form of this sentence might be: I think students probably need more recreational time ... This weaker form is inappropriate for a topic sentence. Supporting sentences Supporting sentences (notice the plural) provide explanations and support for the topic sentence (main idea) of your paragraph. In fact, studies have shown that students who enjoy a recess of more than 45 minutes consistently score better on tests immediately following the recess period. Clinical analysis further suggests that physical exercise greatly improves the ability to focus on academic materials. Supporting sentences provide the evidence for your topic sentence. Supporting sentences that include facts, statistics and logical reasoning are much more convincing that simple statements of opinion. Concluding sentence The concluding sentence restates the main idea (found in your topic sentence) and reinforces the point or opinion. Longer periods of recess are clearly required to allow students the best possible chances of success in their studies. Concluding sentences repeat the main idea of your paragraph in different words. OptionalTransitional sentencefor Essays and Longer Writing The transitional sentence prepares the reader for the following paragraph. Clearly, physical exercise is just one of the necessary ingredients for improving student scores on standardized tests. Transitional sentences should help readers logically understand the connection between your current main idea, point or opinion and the main idea of your next paragraph. In this instance, the phrase just one of the necessary ingredients ... prepares the reader for the next paragraph which will discuss another necessary ingredient for success. Quiz Identify each sentence according to the role it plays in a paragraph. Is it a hook, topic sentence, supporting sentence, or concluding sentence? To sum up, educators must try to ensure that students practice writing rather than just taking multiple choice tests.However, due to the pressures of large classrooms, many teachers try to cut corners by giving multiple choice quizzes.Nowadays, teachers realize that students need to actively practice their writing skills though review of basic concepts is also required.  Have you ever done well on a multiple choice quiz, only to realize that you dont really understand the topic?Real learning requires practice not just style exercises that focus on checking their understanding.   Answers Concluding sentence - Phrases such as To sum up, In conclusion, and Finally introduce a concluding sentence.Supporting sentence - This sentence provides a reason for multiple choices and supports the main idea of the paragraph.Supporting sentence - This sentence provides information about current teaching practices as a means of supporting the main idea.Hook - This sentence helps the reader imagine the issue in terms of their own life. This helps the reader become personally engaged in the topic.Thesis - The bold statement gives the overall point of the paragraph.   Exercise   Write a cause and effect paragraph to explain one of the following: The difficulties in finding a jobThe effects of technology on learningCauses of political unrestThe importance of English

Norma Rae and Labor Conflict Essay examples - 879 Words

Norma Rae and Labor Conflict Labor conflict is strongly portrayed in Norma Rae, especially since in the second half of the 20th century labor unions were taken for granted as a basic workers right (even as membership declined). Norma Rae both emphasizes the power unemployment has over the worker and shows the power that unions can have in the capitalist system. Companies want to control every aspect of the labor process because they need to make profits, and the way in which they control the labor process in Norma Rae (in an attempt to manipulate worker behavior) infringes on basic human rights. Norma Rae, however, has never behaved, and it is her strength and gumption that bring humanity (and a labor union) to the O.P. Henley Mill.†¦show more content†¦Unions are the biggest threat to the O.P. Henley factory because they give workers more control over their pay and working conditions. If a union treats all members as equals, there is less chance for arguments among workers that might give managers mor e power over a divided work force. The more power workers have through their union, the less control the managers have over the labor process (215). Norma Rae is the O. P. Henley company’s worst nightmare. She has never been a silent, accommodating worker, always complaining for worker privileges and safety, whether it be a Kotex machine in the restroom or her mother’s temporary loss of hearing. A tactic which companies use to control workers like Norma Rae is bureaucratic control; the company promotes Norma Rae to a less strenuous, better paying job in order to quiet her down, and by assigning this job, where Norma Rae is a speed up supervisor, the company actually makes more profits because Norma Rae’s position requires her to generate more work from the other employees (207). When the threat of unionization among the textile workers seems greatest, the O.P. Henley Mill manipulates the racial tensions at the mill to create divisions among the workers. Companies use discrimination and the social concept of race to stimulate and reinforce divisions among workers. (217) In this case, management threatens to hire moreShow MoreRelatedNorma Rae: Labor Unions and the Power Struggle3039 Words   |  13 PagesIntroduction Labor unions were established as a way for workers’ needs and grievances to be heard by management. According to Fossum (2012), â€Å"forming a union creates a collective voice to influence change at work† (p. 7). The collective voice of workers in a union holds much more power than any single employee’s voice. It can loudly draw attention to mistreatment or abuse of workers. The organized collective voice of workers demands to be treated in a fair way by its management in terms ofRead MoreEssay on Norma Rae a Labor Analysis1768 Words   |  8 PagesNorma Rae a Labor Analysis This film is based on the real life story of Crystal Lee Sutton and her involvement with Ruben Warshovsky and the organization of the textile workers at the J.P. Stevens Company in Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina (Labor Films). Sally Field plays the lead role of Norma Rae (Crystal Lee Sutton) fighting poor working conditions at O. P. Henley Company in 1978. This company is a southern textile mill, working with a union organizer to overcome pressure from management

Alzheimers Disease Develop Symptoms

Question: Describe about the Alzheimers Disease for Develop Symptoms. Answer: Alzheimers disease Alzheimers disease is referred to as a primary form of dementia, a word used to illustrate the symptoms observed when the brain is affected by a particular condition or illness (Barnes, Yaffe, 2011). Dementia is a word that depicts a set of symptoms that comprise of loss of memory and difficulties with problem-solving, thinking or language. These indicators come up after the brain is destroyed by particular infections, containing Alzheimers illness. Alzheimers is a progressive disease, which means that steadily, over instant, more parts of the brain are injured. So the brain continues to be hurt, more signs develop. The signs and symptoms also become more brutal. Objectives The goal of this assignment is to get the meaning of Alzheimers infection, how it develops plus the symptoms of the illness. Look at the steps that the illness undergoes up to the last stage. The research is going to include the causes. It will also include the background of how the disease started. Finally, a case study will be provided. Background The German neurologist Alois Alzheimer suggested that Alzheimers disease are symptoms of the illness observed when tangles and plaques build up in the brain which leads to the loss of brain cells (Alzheimer's Association, 2011). This disease is related to a specific age that mainly affects individuals over the age of 65. Additionally, the disease becomes recurrent when individuals age. In this case, the Alzheimers disease is, therefore, becoming a larger concern towards the community as a product of increasingly more aging population. In the definition of its prevalence rates, reports suggest that there is a sharp prevalence of the disease as people tend to age for the following age groups; 35-39, 60-69, 70-79, and 80-89. The degree of prevalence increases with age. Research on Alzheimers Disease Alzheimers disease initially affects the cerebral cortex which is in the brain, which leans toward the temporal, parietal and anterior lobes. It provides an enhanced understanding of the motives following symptoms and signs associated Alzheimers disease as the anterior lobe is in controls behavior, intelligence and judgment. The function of the parietal lobe is controlling language, and temporal lobe is to control memory. Also, the amygdala and hippocampus are affected by AD (Cummings, Morstorf, Zhong, 2014). They are both regions of the brain in the limbic structure and are established within the sequential medical lobe. Hippocampus has a significant function in the keeping of fresh memories in addition to spatial direction-finding. The amygdala has a significant role in the giving out of memories and arousing reactions. A brain that has Alzheimers disease can differ from enormously atrophic to shut to usual(see appendix 1). After atrophy is there in brain, it actively affects the cerebral cortex by a simplified allocation, yet in several issues, it may choose out regions like the amygdala, hippocampus, in addition to the medical chronological lobe. Still, problems which usually illustrate severely simplified atrophy happen in the issues of AD so as to have an untimely beginning of signs as contrasting to the issues developing presently in time (Birks, Grimley, 2015). The initial clinical symptoms observed in AD are memory lapses and a lot of difficulties in finding the exact words. As Alzheimers symptoms develop, the patient may turn to be more bewildered, frequently forgetting places, names, recent events, and appointments. There will be cases of abrupt mood swings which become apparent to patients wavering linking sad/angry as well as frustrated/scared habitually at their failure of memory. With time, patients become more reserved with communication problems and less confidence. Patients develop problems with recollecting the short term memory and long-te rm. For instance, an individual suffering from this disease may not recall what she did ten years ago, still may not be in a position recall what she did in the morning like what she ate for breakfast. The reason behind this loss of memory is due of the harm that has occurred towards the hippocampus along with its function in the keeping of fresh memories. AD is an illness that regularly goes along with an extreme trait process, which has quickly particular medical steps. The medical stages of AD have been internationally arranged into seven steps, which vary as of familiarity to harsh AD. These steps are: Step 1: It is standard a patient is liberated from any signs and signs that may reason to behavioral and cognitive deterioration. Step 2: Normal elderly poor memory- At this stage the patient, regularly complains that he or she cannot remember where they kept items or, remember names, compared to how they were five years ago as well as having problems getting the exact word when speaking. Such symptoms are easily noticed by family and friends of the individual (Norton, Matthews, Barnes, Yaffe, Brayne, 2014). For example, in the case where the patient cant recall the name of her close friend, the family notices such a problem and should take her for check up. Step 3: Gentle cognitive destruction - At this step, individuals feel insecure as they are close to perceiving the signs and symptoms. Patients resort to replicating questions perceptibly, in addition to their ability towards carrying out duties will turn out to be compromised (Barnes, Yaffe, 2011). Consequently, patients resolve involvement complex nominal and communal works, like mastering current job skillfulness or frustrations just before arranging a task to be done. Nevertheless, these signs will barely turn out to be apparent if the individual is called upon to be a leader in accomplishing a number of daily tasks. Step 4: Gentle Alzheimer's disorder - The point by which signs and symptoms turn out to be apparent to relatives and friends, along with still tolerance, as the patient begins to forget most important events like a popular public festivity or a recent relatives appointment. Furthermore, they might have problems remembering which month, day or what time it is. However, they may become unaware of the serenity they occupy. Patients start to drop the capacity to perform practical jobs and might require assistance, in forfeiting bills, preparing food for the relatives along with ordering foodstuff next to a caf ( Norton, Matthews, Barnes, Yaffe, Brayne, 2014). Family friends will repeatedly have just before aid out. Patients will commence befalling more reserved furthermore emotionally impassive while their cognitive arrears turn out to be apparent. Conversely, patients at this point are motionless usually competent to survive separately with a modest group of people maintenance. Step 5: Modest Alzheimer's disease - At this juncture, the patients with Alzheimers disease experiences problems that turn out to be so destructive for them, in that they are not capable of living by themselves. They will require a care-person to guarantee they stick to diet appropriately and that their investments being categorized; showing the statements. Patients with AD who are not taken care intended for in the right way may increase behavioral troubles like deviousness and irritation. The patients' remembers tribulations will approach just before the degree where they can't bear in brain meaningful current actions. They may fail to promptly remember the climate conditions , not recall their engagements and may fail to recognize the current apex principal stature of their state. Various information, like a new tasks, may be droopily detained, so that they are recalled at later times. Isolated memeory starts to experience suffering, as patients might not memorize where they might have go ne for schooling. Patients start experiencing multiple computation problems, and might not be capable of tallying downward starting 20 in 2s (Barnes, Yaffe, 2011). Patients will, as well, have vital purposeful difficulties, similar to not being competent to decide on their dressing code. Step 6: Reasonably harsh Alzheimer's disease - At this medical step, practical works applicable to daily living become so involved that patients will necessitate constant worries. Ths stage is categorized into further stages: Sub-step 1: At the junior stage patients are unable to determine and keep a keen look on attire devoid of help out. Patient determination learns to set on attire the wrong way about or within. Sub-step 2: Patient motivations encompass difficulty washing on their personal and need aid out getting the exact hotness of the bath. Sub-step 3: Through junior stage, patients resolve contain troubles concerned with lavatory issues. Patients might not know what to do with the lavatory paper or the right place to dispose it. Sub-stage 4: It starts when the patient has urinary incontinence, followed by sub-stage 5 where arrived at with fecal incontinence. Mutually troubles can be controlled with natural and proper bedding and clothing (Zlokovic, 2011). On the 6th scientific phase of the AD, the cognitive arrears turn out to be so harsh that patients are not be able to remember any current main events similar to what the climate outside. They could have difficulties in recalling their parents' names or what their occupation. They could still baffle their associated with a departed father. Nevertheless, they may live capable of bringing to mind individual's names. The patient tenacity encompass problems such immense computation troubles that they may discover it is tricky counting downward from 10. Amends in patients' acute and behavioral condition start to befall incredibly at this 6th phase. This stage is partially a response by a patient in the direction of his/her deficits. Patients will start on to fid dle in addition to speed since they are not capable of focusing on or doing any actions. Aggressive outbursts and intimidating behavior may happen and the patients may turn out to be very scared concerning being left alone, as they familiar with their incapability to take care of themselves. Step 7: Severe Alzheimer's illness - through this stage, the patient will require recurring help to go on with their daily activities. Additionally, phase 7 of AD is supplementary separated into six purposeful subordinate stages. Step 7(a): the patient will barely be able of conversing a small number of words when asked upon. Step 7 (b): In this phase, all language resolve whichever be gone or left to a single understandable word. Step 7(c): The aptitude for walking alone will be lost. Still, with appropriate worry the defeat of the facility to amble can be deferred. Patients drop the attitude to sit up suitably, devoid of facilitating in stage 7d, and will frequently need chairs amid support rests in classify to be seated up as it should be. By step 7e, the capability to gain is gone and by phase 7f patients resolve have difficulty holding their top up, lacking assist (Zlokovic, 2011). The standard position of endurance of AD deaths, within the 7th experimental phase, tends to exist connecting the subsequent stages 7c and 7d. When understanding the 7th preliminary step, patients will have the propensity to show a set of physical inflexibility, particularly in joints like the elbow. As well, the appearance of confident reactions will happen. These are responses seen in babies, except vanish when they turn out to be toddlers. Nearly all prominent are the clasp reaction, sucking impulse and the Babinski plantar reaction. The ordinary cause of bereavement in the 7th medical step is pneumonia, though; patients as well turn out to be more susceptible to heart failure, strokes, as well as tumor. The low existence expectation for patients as of analysis is seven living. Case study Mr. Williams lives with his family, two daughters and one wife. He is approximately 70 years of age and has retired from his job, so he stays at home. He is a wealthy man since his daughters have good jobs. His wife and his daughters go to work every morning so must of the time he is left alone in the house. One day his wife Mary noticed that Williams had eating problems for a long time since was eating a little amount of food than usual. It was MR. Williams duty to prepare super at home because he was the one who was left around and after making food he was eating little amount or sometimes not eating at all. Some day as his wife come from work he found that Williams was watching TV at the time he was expected to be preparing super. He saw his wife coming but still it not ring a bell in his brain that it was time to make the meal. He continued relaxing as his wife entered the door and still continued watching. His wife thought that he was tired that day and so she went to the kitche n to cook and then realized that his husband had forgotten it was time to prepare the meal. The same thing happened like for a week, and even Williams can't remember some names of his friends where he could meet with them and try to recall their names but end up forgetting completely. His wife Mary discovered that it was becoming a big problem where she called their personal doctor for check up. The doctor asked his a few questions like his name, and he could recall, but he could not remember the actual date of that day. It was surprising that Williams thought that the doctor was his classmate back in college. Some lab tests were carried out and revealed dehydration, iron deficiency and being underweight. Reflection Having researched on Alzheimers disease, it shows that this AD is a serious illness like any other and mostly it affects the elderly. There are risks factors associated with this disease like age, can be hereditary and people with certain gene infected with the disease. The disease affected mostly the brain and this result to memory lapses. When the short-term memory is affected, information remembered efficiently is hard. This condition is the worst, since when one cannot remember what he was doing and fails to complete his work, and then life can be miserable. It reaches a point where the patient cant live an independent life, and someone has to be there to take care of him. It shows that so this point, the patient can be the burden to the family and this is the reason why most people are taken to nursing homes since the family is tired of watching the patient. Conclusion In conclusion, the illness is dangerous and individuals who are affected by this disease show look for treatment. Family and friends should not stigmatize the patients since they need their help at that time. It reaches a point where the patient cant recall anything happening around. In the first stages the disease is not as severe as such, but with time, it becomes worst. They could furthermore have tribulations remembering which month, day or yet period of the time it is. However, they may be capable of recalling their present tackle or the conditions external. Isolated memory starts to experience suffering, as patients might not memorize where they go for schooling. Patients start on to extend computation problems, and cannot be capable of tallying downward from 20 in 2s. Patients start to misplace the capacity to perform practical jobs and can require assistance, in paying amounts, preparing foods for the relatives and still ordering foodstuff on a caf. Family friends will repeat edly have toward aid absent. Patients will start on in the direction of fiddle with speed, as they are not capable of focusing on or doing any actions. Aggressive outbursts and intimidating behavior may happen and the patient may turn out to be very scared concerning being left alone, as they familiar with their incapability to take care of themselves. People should put it into consideration of checking for check up if any of the symptoms of this disease is noted. References Albert, M. S., DeKosky, S. T., Dickson, D., Dubois, B., Feldman, H. H., Fox, N. C., ... Snyder, P. J. (2011). The diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimers disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimers Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's dementia, 7(3), 270-279. Alzheimer's Association. (2011). 2011 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures.Alzheimer's dementia: the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 7(2), 208. Barnes, D. E., Yaffe, K. (2011). The projected effect of risk factor reduction on Alzheimer's disease prevalence. The Lancet Neurology, 10(9), 819-828. Birks, J. S., Grimley Evans, J. (2015). Rivastigmine for Alzheimer's disease. The Cochrane Library. Blennow, K., Dubois, B., Fagan, A. M., Lewczuk, P., de Leon, M. J., Hampel, H. (2015). Clinical utility of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in the diagnosis of early Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's Dementia, 11(1), 58-69. Cummings, J. L., Morstorf, T., Zhong, K. (2014). Alzheimers disease drug-development pipeline: few candidates, frequent failures. Alzheimer's research therapy, 6(4), 1. Diniz, B. S., Butters, M. A., Albert, S. M., Dew, M. A., Reynolds, C. F. (2013). Late-life depression and risk of vascular dementia and Alzheimers disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of community-based cohort studies. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 202(5), 329-335. Doody, R. S., Thomas, R. G., Farlow, M., Iwatsubo, T., Vellas, B., Joffe, S., ... Siemers, E. (2014). Phase 3 trials of solanezumab for mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 370(4), 311-321. Dubois, B., Feldman, H. H., Jacova, C., Hampel, H., Molinuevo, J. L., Blennow, K., ... Cappa, S. (2014). Advancing research diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease: the IWG-2 criteria. The Lancet Neurology, 13(6), 614-629. Jack, C. R., Albert, M. S., Knopman, D. S., McKhann, G. M., Sperling, R. A., Carrillo, M. C., ... Phelps, C. H. (2011). Introduction to the recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's Dementia, 7(3), 257-262. Jonsson, T., Stefansson, H., Steinberg, S., Jonsdottir, I., Jonsson, P. V., Snaedal, J., ... Rujescu, D. (2013). Variant of TREM2 associated with the risk of Alzheimer's disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 368(2), 107-116. Heneka, M. T., Carson, M. J., El Khoury, J., Landreth, G. E., Brosseron, F., Feinstein, D. L., ... Herrup, K. (2015). Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease. The Lancet Neurology, 14(4), 388-405. McKhann, G. M., Knopman, D. S., Chertkow, H., Hyman, B. T., Jack, C. R., Kawas, C. H., ... Mohs, R. C. (2011). The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimers disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimers Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's dementia, 7(3), 263-269. Naj, A. C., Jun, G., Beecham, G. W., Wang, L. S., Vardarajan, B. N., Buros, J., ... Larson, E. B. (2011). Common variants at MS4A4/MS4A6E, CD2AP, CD33 and EPHA1 are associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease.Nature genetics, 43(5), 436-441. Norton, S., Matthews, F. E., Barnes, D. E., Yaffe, K., Brayne, C. (2014). Potential for primary prevention of Alzheimer's disease: an analysis of population-based data. The Lancet Neurology, 13(8), 788-794. Ray, S., Britschgi, M., Herbert, C., Takeda-Uchimura, Y., Boxer, A., Blennow, K., ... Kaye, J. A. (2007). Classification and prediction of clinical Alzheimer's diagnosis based on plasma signaling proteins. Nature medicine,13(11), 1359-1362. Salloway, S., Sperling, R., Fox, N. C., Blennow, K., Klunk, W., Raskind, M., ... Reichert, M. (2014). Two phase 3 trials of bapineuzumab in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 370(4), 322-333. Sperling, R. A., Aisen, P. S., Beckett, L. A., Bennett, D. A., Craft, S., Fagan, A. M., ... Park, D. C. (2011). Toward defining the preclinical stages of Alzheimers disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's dementia, 7(3), 280-292. Wimo, A., Jnsson, L., Bond, J., Prince, M., Winblad, B., International, A. D. (2013). The worldwide economic impact of dementia 2010. Alzheimer's Dementia, 9(1), 1-11. Zlokovic, B. V. (2011). Neurovascular pathways to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease and other disorders. Nature Reviews Neuroscience,12(12), 723-738.

Things Fall Apart Essays (723 words) - African Writers Series

Things Fall Apart Opposites do not Attract In Things Fall Apart, by Chinua Achebe, Mr. Brown, the first missionary in Umuofia, was a kind and respectful man. Not to say that Reverend James Smith was not, but his degree of kindness and respect were present in a whole different level. They both wanted to convert the lost, all those in Umuofia that were not in the church. Mr. Brown made friends with the clan and trod softly on his faith, (pg.178) while Mr. Smith told them how things were in a harsh voice and tried to force his religion on the people of Umuofia. The impacts the two had on the people and the church were exact opposites. Mr. Brown was very firm in restraining his flock from the clan (pg. 178) and learned from talking to those within the group that a frontal attack on the clan would not succeed (pg.181). Because of this insight he gained great respect with many of the high officials. Once he was even presented with a carved elephant tusk, which was a sign of great dignity and rank (pg.179) by Akunna. With this earned admiration he was able to open not only a town store, but a hospital and a school as well. He pleaded for the clan to send their children and all others who wanted to, to attend his school. At first everyone was reluctant to explore this new option for education. Those that chose to attend Mr. Browns school would not only learn how to read and write, but they would also learn how to fight back against those that would come in and try to conquer them. With this insight and the kind gifts of singlets and towels (pg.181) from Mr. Brown, more people flooded into his school. Mr. Browns school not only taught them how to speak and read in another tongue, but from the very beginning religion and education went hand in hand (pg.182). Mr. Smith, on the other, hand was very harsh and saw things as black and white. And black was evil (pg.184). That unfortunate turn of phrase was indicative of ignorance and his attitude from the beginning toward the natives of Umuofia who were dark skinned. Under his control, or one might say lack of control, the over-zealous converts now flourished in full favor (pg. 185) causing the church and clan to meet collide to head for once and all when Enoch had killed an ancestral spirit (pg. 186). Once the egwugwu went to confront Mr. Smith for the killing of one of their members, Mr. Browns ignorance and rudeness were revealed even greater than before when he refused to leave the grounds when asked. Because of the reputation and the friendships that were built by Mr. Brown, Mr. Smith was treated with the same respect when confronted by the spirits. Unfortunately, Mr. Smith still would not go and respect the wishes of the spirits and leaders of Umuofia despite their kindness regarding the situation at hand. Although Mr. Smith stood his ground he could not save his church (pg. 191) and the hands of the egwugwu tore apart the hard work Mr. Brown put into the church in Umuofia before having to leave both physically and socially. When the church first came into town everyone was very hesitant and aloof to this new God and church. If is was not for Mr. Brown coming in first and creating the relationships the church would very doubtfully had had the chance to even build a building in the outskirts of town. If Mr. Smith has been the first to arrive at Umuofia it would have been very difficult to build any trust among the people. Because Mr. Smith danced a furious step (pg.185) among the people of Umuofia, the relationship would have undoubtedly been hard to create. It is unfortunate, though, that the people of Umuofia did not have a choice of which missionary, if any, they might have preferred to teach them the ways of the white man. Instead they were stuck with two missionaries, one of which they liked to a point, and another that they could not get rid of. Book Reports